Located 235 kilometres north of Melbourne in Victoria, Wangaratta is situated at the junction of the Ovens and King Rivers. After European settlement the area was initially known as Ovens Crossing Placebefore the local Aboriginal name of Wangaratta was adopted. In the language of the Pangerang People in this, the Yorta Yorta Country, Wangaratta is believed to have translated into either ‘Resting (or Nesting) Place of the Cormorants’ or ‘Meeting of the Waters’.
It is widely believed that the first European contact in the region was by inland explorers Hume and Hovell who passed through the area around 1824 and at that stage named the Ovens River Major John Ovens who was the then Chief Engineer of NSW. Twelve years later in 1836 Sir Thomas Mitchell led a team surveying the area and named it Ovens Crossing Place.
The first settler in the area was Thomas Rattray in 1838 who established a punt service on the southern side of the river as well as a small slab and bark hut. In the following year Rattray’s enterprise was purchased by William Clark who is often considered to be the ‘Father of Wangaratta’. Clark soon erected a newer and larger slab-timber store which he named the Hope Inn.
The population slowly grew with a number of rudimentary dwellings of timber slabs and bark roofs being constructed and Clark is then built the Commercial Hotel. It was not until the 1850’s when the gold rush began in earnest that Wangaratta experienced significant growth with many hopeful prospectors passing through the town and requiring accommodation and provisions. As the success of the regional diggings saw Wangaratta continue to expand with more land becoming available and dwellings being built.
In 1870 a public hospital was built and by 1873 the railway line that would eventually extend from Melbourne to Sydney reached Wangaratta. This saw the permanent population expand to around 1,400 people by 1884 along with a variety of churches, breweries, flour mills and other service orientated businesses. At the end of the 19th Century Wangaratta had over 2,500 residents and by the time it was declared a city in 1959 the population had reached 12,000. The Rural City of Wangaratta was proclaimed in 1995 and now encompasses a number of surrounding districts.